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The attainment of 65 years or more of living carries with it all the positive attributes—such as apparent resistance to early mortality—and negative consequences—including the effects of a lifetime of environmental exposures and health insults—of being an older adult. However, the quality and quantity of life from age 65 years onward remain very responsive to the impact of lifestyle factors, particularly the type of dietary and physical activity patterns maintained. In fact, with the onslaught of age-related decrements in physical function and the concomitant onset of the chronic diseases of aging, it could be argued that this period in the life cycle offers one of the most important opportunities for lifestyle interventions to make a difference in health-related quality of life (Wellman 2007). This chapter provides a detailed discussion of the complex interactions of diet and physical activity with mental health and treatments for mental health disorders. In addition, this chapter provides a thorough discussion of assessment techniques and clinical guidelines for both nutrition and physical activity in older adults.
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